Glaucoma Treatment in Ranchi
Comprehensive glaucoma diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment by Dr. Dibya Prabha, MS Ophthalmology, FICO. Protect your optic nerve and preserve your vision at Neurovision Clinic, Ranchi.
What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve — the vital cable that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. In most types of glaucoma, this damage is caused by abnormally high pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure or IOP). However, glaucoma can also occur with normal eye pressure (normal-tension glaucoma). Over time, optic nerve damage leads to progressive, irreversible vision loss starting with peripheral (side) vision and eventually affecting central vision if untreated. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Because early-stage glaucoma has no symptoms, regular comprehensive eye exams with optic nerve assessment are essential — especially for those with risk factors.
Symptoms of Glaucoma
- •Gradual loss of peripheral (side) vision — often unnoticed until advanced
- •Tunnel vision in advanced stages
- •In acute angle-closure glaucoma: severe eye pain, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, halos around lights, and red eye — this is a medical emergency
- •Most types of glaucoma (open-angle) have NO early symptoms — hence the importance of screening
Causes & Risk Factors
- •Elevated intraocular pressure — the most significant risk factor, caused by impaired drainage of aqueous humor
- •Family history — glaucoma risk is 4-9 times higher if a first-degree relative has it
- •Age — risk increases significantly after 40, and even more after 60
- •Race — people of African descent are at higher risk for earlier, more severe glaucoma
- •High myopia (nearsightedness) or high hyperopia (farsightedness)
- •Previous eye injury or eye surgery
- •Long-term corticosteroid use (eye drops, inhalers, or oral)
- •Medical conditions — diabetes, hypertension, migraines, and poor circulation
- •Thin central cornea — a structural risk factor detectable on examination
Diagnostic Tests
OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography)
High-resolution imaging of the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer — the most sensitive test for detecting early glaucomatous damage and monitoring progression.
Visual Field Testing (Perimetry)
Maps your complete field of vision to detect and quantify any vision loss from glaucoma, essential for monitoring disease progression.
Fundus Photography
Detailed color imaging of the optic nerve for documentation and serial comparison over time to detect subtle changes.
Treatment Approach
Dr. Dibya Prabha provides comprehensive glaucoma management following evidence-based treatment protocols:
Medicated Eye Drops
First-line treatment. Prostaglandin analogs, beta-blockers, alpha agonists, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors lower eye pressure by either reducing fluid production or improving drainage. Most patients are well-controlled with 1-2 types of drops.
Laser Treatment
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a safe, effective in-office procedure that improves drainage of eye fluid. It can reduce or eliminate the need for eye drops in many patients. Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI) is used for angle-closure glaucoma.
Monitoring and Adjustment
Regular IOP checks, OCT imaging, and visual field testing to ensure treatment targets are being met. Treatment is adjusted if there is evidence of progression.
Surgical Options
When medications and laser are insufficient, Dr. Prabha coordinates with glaucoma surgeons for advanced procedures like trabeculectomy or minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).
⚠️ When to See a Doctor
- !If you are over 40 and have not had an eye exam with optic nerve assessment in the past 2 years
- !If you have a family history of glaucoma — you need annual screening
- !If you have diabetes, hypertension, or high myopia — all increase glaucoma risk
- !If you have been using steroid medications (eye drops, inhalers, creams) long-term
- !Immediately if you experience sudden eye pain, redness, blurred vision, and halos — acute glaucoma emergency
- !For regular follow-ups if already diagnosed — glaucoma requires lifelong monitoring